Multipurpose Basic One-Dress Pattern for Kids’ Costumes



Making costumes for children or adults to wear in a play or a pageant, or to a fancy-dress party, is a pleasant  sewing task since most of these garments don't require finely finished details—the costume's line is the most significant thing to accomplish. It takes much less time if you work with a basic dress or dress pattern that fits the person. Besides, an impatient subject normally won't stand still long enough for you to cut and fit a muslin pattern. Begin with a simple classic dress, robe, or suit, and alter it to look like a picture of the costumed character...READ MORE>>>

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Decorate Your Door With a Harvest Wreath

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How to Make a Harvest Wreath

Whether you reside high above a sprawling city or down the road in a country cottage, autumn has that special meaning for all of us. Traditionally, autumn is a time for getting people together in local festivals and fairs to celebrate the produce of summer. Harvest wreaths celebrate this tradition by using apples, gourds, seed pods, brightly colored leaves, dried corn and grapes as design components.

A magnificent display of fruits of the harvest, this wreath sports a simple wicker cornucopia that has been dyed to match the root base. The basic arrangement of the wreath can be used at other times to spill forth dried flowers, or other natural dried materials.

The cornucopia is the traditional symbolization for harvests.  It spills the bounty of another year in the fields and vineyards, expecting a good year ahead.

The wicker cornucopia is wired to a 17-inch (43-cm.) root base. Then a piece of styrofoam is likewise wired into the cornucopia and the wreath base.  The flat materials and streamers of calico ribbon are added to contribute to the shape of the composition. The bigger elements —plastic grapes, gourds, and silk apples — are added next with picks, and those laid against the base are also attached using hot glued.  The small elements, like the preserved leaves, more calico ribbon, Spanish moss, and okra pods are added to fill up the wreath.

Is it Normal for Babies to Be Bow Legged?


If you notice your baby having bowed legs, the question is, should you be alarmed? The answer is a NO. Newborns have bowed legs and in-turned feet due to the position that they lay in the womb. Because no "standing room" exists in your womb, your baby naturally draws his legs up over his stomach and arches his feet inward. This position makes the leg bones to be twisted inward, resulting in the combination of bowed legs and in-turned feet. These curves virtually always correct themselves. On the first year your pediatrician would check your baby's leg growth to make certain these curvatures are straightening out normally. You could help your baby's feet and legs straighten out by discouraging sleep in the fetal position. Babies love to sleep on their tummies with their feet and legs curled underneath them as they did in the womb. By repeatedly drawing out his feet from under him while sleeping, you'll help your baby stop this habit. Besides these normal, self-correcting bone curvatures, one or both feet may be turned in since the front of the foot is curved inwards in relation to the back of the foot, a condition known as forefoot adduction. Your doctor would talk about this type of foot problem on your baby's first checkup. If, without a good deal of force, you can stretch the front of the foot in line with the back of the foot, only a small problem exists. This problem is readily treated by periodic stretching exercises which your doctor will present to you. When you stroke the skin on the outside of your infant's foot and he voluntarily unbends his foot, no deformity exists and no treatment is needed. If his foot is not straightening out normally on the first few months, your doctor may recommend orthopedic treatment.

© 2011 Athena Goodlight

Holiday Wreaths for Decorating The Front Door

Decorations on the front door are the first impressions you give to guests throughout the holidays. There are a lot of people who display a simple wreath or pine branches even before Thanksgiving weekend. It's easy to make a mood and feeling with anything from a couple of branches of greens tied using a bow to a very ornately adorned wreath. To make your own wreath, you'll find the frames and all the fixings in a well-supplied garden center. Here are a few ideas you might pick up on.

Simply Stated
Bundle branches of winterberry and white pine and tie them together using raffia or a red ribbon having gold edges.

A Welcome Garland
Dried flowers of all types are available at garden centers and can from time to time be found in the supermarket. It's easy to handcraft a garland from pink straw flowers, wheat,  lemon leaves, cockscomb, bay leaves, lavender, rosebuds, and moss. Put this to the front door or hang it on the fireplace mantel. To create a garland you'll need: heavy grade string cut to required length of garland, florist's tie wire, florist's picks,  clippers, sprigs of greenery,  green florist's tape, and decorative accessories like pods, berries, pinecones,  and dried fruit.
1. Cut a bundle of greens about ten inches long. Hold them against the twine then wrap with florist's tape.
2. Keep on adding and wrapping greens so each bundle overlaps the previous stems.
3. Tie some wire to the pinecones and attach. Use the picks to set berries and small bunches of dried flowers. Push the picks under the green tape.

Cinnamon Bundle
Use long cinnamon sticks and pink pepperberry to make a bundle the size of a small log. Wrap jute around the center to hold them together, then hang on the door for a fragrant and simple decor.

Simply Stated
Tie a couple of pine branches together using wire and wrap with wide, taffeta ribbon, kook for ribbon that has wired edges. Deep hunter green  or burgundy ribbon edged with gold is ideal. Make a fat bow. The wire edges would keep the shape of the bow intact. Cut the ends of the ribbons a bit long to have two streamers. Ruffle them into soft ripples hanging down over the pine needles. You might want to add a few small golden glass balls spread out on the pine branches for a lovely, elegant door decoration.

For the Birds
Make use of a straw ring frame to form the base of your wreath. You will need florist's wire and clippers to bind twigs and branches, a raffia bow, small birdhouse,  artificial birds, bundles of birdseed covered in gauze, and a bird's nest inserted into the twigs and branches. Fill with birdseed if you wish to draw in the birds.

For the Cook
To create this simple door decoration, accumulate a bunch of fragrant sprigs of bay leaves, rosemary, and pepper berries and tie using raffia for hanging. If you don't have an overhang or your front door is not protected, consider using this decoration to hang in your kitchen alternatively.

Fruity and Fancy
Start with a balsam fir wreath. Add up bits and pieces of bark, twigs, slices of fruit, nuts, and leaves. You'll find these in craft stores and garden centers, if not around your own home. Secure them using florist's wire or a hot glue gun. Add a red plaid flannel bow for a different touch.

Seashell Wreath
You could use whatever shells for this one, but deep blue mussel shells achieve the prettiest simple wreath. Use a Bristol board or flat Styrofoam wreath frame and hot-glue the mussel shells in concentric pattern around the wreath. Furnish a simple bow fashioned from netting, or leave as it is.

Brass Band
If you have a brass knocker on your front door, apply it as part of your wreath decoration. Wire tiny golden balls to an evergreen wreath and place it on the door putting the knocker in the center.

Woodland Wreath     
Start out using a fir wreath from the garden shop and make it more interesting via wiring boughs of eucalyptus, long needle pines, and cedar throughout. Add a wired white organdy bow to exquisitely top if off.


Personalized Wreath
It's easy to personalize a wreath with wooden letters. These are available in craft stores together with different wooden shapes like candy canes, stockings, stars, trees, and hearts. Paint them with bright colors and hot-glue them around a wreath frame. The letters could spell out your family name or the names of your children.

Hydrangeas
In New England, the hydrangea bushes are wonderful for wreath-making. Depending on the soil, the blossoms could be deep or pale blue, yellowish green, pale pink, or deep cranberry. These round fat bundles of blossoms are fixed to a straw or foam wreath frame with florist pins so they are bunched up and blanket the frame. This is a wreath for indoors because moisture would destroy it. Provide a bow in a color to match the flowers and you'll have one of the prettiest displays for your windows or hall.

Ribbon Wreath
Make a wreath entirely from ribbons for your entryway. You'll need a ten-inch heavy wire or brass ring and a fifty-yard spool of half-inch decorative ribbon. Cut the ribbon into ten-inch lengths and tie-up each length into a bow on the ring. Fill the ring with bows bunched up so the wreath is quite full. Keep on tying bows on the ring till you can no longer fit any more and the wreath is pleasingly plump.

Golden Greetings
Spray-paint bay leaves using gold, then mix them with unpainted leaves to create a green and gilded wreath. Using a hot glue gun, put a layer of alternating leaves on a grapevine wreath form, overlapping as you glue the leaves in place. Use gold-mesh French wire ribbon to make a bow for the top and leave the ends of the ribbons to hang down over the wreath. The gold and green of the leaves slightly shimmers.

More on Wreath Making:

How to Make a Harvest Wreath
How to Wire Flowers for a Wreath 
How to Wire Pine Cones for Christmas Ornaments and Decorations




© 2011 Athena Goodlight
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Traditional Thanksgiving Decorations


If tradition is what you're after, here are a few ideas picked from many decorating sources.
 
1. Blanket the center of the table using a bed of bay leaves. Set up pinecones, lemons, clove-studded oranges, and limes on top. Tie bunches of cinnamon sticks using gold ribbon and place here and there.
2. Fill up a large wooden salad bowl with fruit and nuts, and tuck sprigs of rosemary.
3. Pears create a nice centerpiece. Set them up on a bed of ivy, moss, or wood chips.
4. A raw wreath of pinecones and seed pods is a great centerpiece. Put a bowl in the middle of the wreath and fill with a flower arrangement.
5. Create a table decoration using a moistened ring of florist's foam. Cover the ring by sticking in lengths of boxwood, then add up white tapers equally spaced around. Fill the center with a bowl of cranberries, and sneak in sprigs of greens. This centerpiece would last through Christmas when you put it on a tray and maintain it damp. Supply colorful ribbon bows to the base of every candle for the holidays.
6. An all-white-and-green theme is refreshingly formal. A simple flower arrangement using white tulips or roses loosely set up in a white bowl or clear glass vase is adorable. Set the table using a white linen cloth and use deep green napkins. When you only have white, tie the napkins using green ribbons and slip in a sprig of fresh-smelling herbs.
7. Three miniature topiary trees, terra-cotta pots of herbs, ornamental flowerpots, spray-painted gold paper paint buckets are all suggestions for centerpieces.

Not Bound by Tradition?

If it's actually the last minute and you do not want to fuss, mix and match everything you've got for a colorful melangé. You don’t have to be bound by tradition. Use unusual containers and items to set a creative table. For instance, fill a basket with balls of yarn in fall colors, scoop up holes in the tops of fruit for candleholders, fill a punch bowl using twinkling Christmas tree lights, float flower heads in a silver bowl full of water, or employ a champagne bucket as a vase.




How to Roast a Turkey and Other Poultry The Fastest Way

Alternatives to Turkey: Recipes for Vegetarian Thanksgiving Dinners

By Athena Goodlight


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Older Pregnancies and Risk of Having Down's Syndrome Babies

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Having a baby at an older age increases the risk of having a baby with Down's syndrome. Should you worry? The answer to this is NO. Too much anxiety is produced because misleading info is given to older parents who are having babies; when the mother is between thirty-five and forty years of age, the chances of having a baby with Down's syndrome is approximately one percent. This implies that you have a ninety-nine percent chance of having a baby without Down's syndrome.

Lawfully, your doctor should inform you that there is a test known as amniocentesis, which would discover whether or not your baby has Down's syndrome. This process is performed around the fourteenth or fifteenth week of pregnancy. You doctor sticks in a needle through your abdomen into the amniotic cavity and gets some amniotic fluid. This fluid is examined for abnormalities in fetal chromosomes, the sex of the baby, and specific chemical information that might suggest the presence of particular diseases. Amniocentesis is normally a safe procedure, but it is not without risks. The risk of trauma to the fetus is usually less than one half of one percent when done by experienced medical personnel. Due to the slight risk of injury to the fetus, a lot of mothers choose not to have this operation done. If you are highly anxious about having a baby with Down's syndrome, spending the whole pregnancy with this anxiety is likewise not healthy for your pre-born baby. Some moms choose this prenatal test to alleviate their anxiety even though they will not consider having an abortion. There are newer tests (alpha fetal protein, followed by chorionic villus sampling when indicated) that can be executed even earlier in your pregnancy to observe the presence or absence of Down's syndrome even as early as ten weeks after conception. Chorionic villus sampling bears a higher risk to the developing baby, it is not recommended. Some mothers just feel that the moment of birth is soon enough to become mindful of any problem that could not be adjusted while the baby is still in utero. Society, we feel, is slowly realizing that special babies truly are special babies.

Different Ways A Dad Can Hold His Baby

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Mother hold their babies one way, fathers hold their babies otherwise, and babies profit from this difference. Here are some tested favorite holding models for fathers.

1. The football hold. Drape your baby tummy down over your forearm like a football, baby's neck in the crook of your arm and the diaper region in your hand. Grasp the diaper area firmly in your hand and mildly press the base of the palm of your hand against your baby's tense abdomen.

2. The neck nestle. This is one actually works better for males. Nestle your baby's head on the curvature of your neck, permitting your chin to rest on top of baby's head. Gently push her head to your Adam's apple. Babies hear using the vibration of their skull bones as well as their eardrums. Sing a droning on song, like "Old Man River," in a rich male voice. The vibrations of your voice box and jawbones on your baby's thin skull will oftentimes lull a fussy baby right to sleep. An added magnet of the neck nestle is that your baby would feel the warm air from your nose on her scalp. Seasoned mothers relate that breathing on their babies' faces or heads calms them. Fathers could have a "magic breath" all their own.

3. The front bend. Fussy babies frequently settle better in the bent position as though this relaxes the spinal muscles and hence the whole body. Having your baby facing you, flex baby's legs on your chest, and support her back with one hand and the nape of her neck with the other. When baby is bent in a C positioning, she often settles better and releases more gas. If she squirms in the back-forward position, turn baby around, still bent, and allow her to face forward, leaving her back and head to rest on your chest while holding her outstretched legs over your folded arms.

4. The shoulder ride. About six months a baby's head control has developed adequately so she can sit upright and enjoy riding on your shoulders. Babies appear to like this riding position around five or six months since their hands, head, and back are less confined and they have a three-hundred-and-sixty-degree view of their world.

5. Select the right baby carrier. Most fathers don't feel comfortable with several of the baby carriers on the market because there are so many straps and buckles for the impatient male. The sling-type carrier works best for men since it is much easier to adjust. It is frustrating to pick up a fussy baby and try to make several adjustments in a carrier that has been previously adjusted to follow your wife's body. This is known as the art of wearing your baby—and it's as significant for fathers to learn as for mothers.

By Athena Goodlight

Night Wakers: Understanding Your Baby’s Sleeping Patterns


A lot of books do proclaim that babies must be sleeping through the night at three months, but most babies haven't read these books. In actual fact, the only babies who sleep through the night at three months are "somebody else's baby." The age at which babies settle down—meaning going to sleep readily and staying asleep—varies staggeringly and is typically a reflection of your baby's temperament and not of your night time parenting skills. Remember that throughout the first six months, or even a year for some babies, a baby wakes up easily. They don't wake up to bother you or to deliberately keep you awake. Doctors realize that babies do what they do because they're designed that way. An exhaustive explanation of why babies sleep differently than adults will help you understand and therefore sympathize with your baby's frequent night waking.

Babies and adults have two dissimilar sleep patterns. For simplicity we will call these two patterns light sleep and deep sleep. During light sleep, the higher brain centers are not entirely shut down and the sleeper could awaken easily. During deep sleep, the higher brain centers shut down, leaving the sleeper to drift into a very deep, almost motionless state of sleep. The main difference between adult and baby sleep is that grownups spend around eighty percent of their night sleep in the state of deep sleep, whereas with babies the opposite is true. They spend most of the night in light sleep. This hardly looks fair to you till you realize that babies are deliberately designed that way for both survival and developmental reasons. A baby has the highest percentage of light sleep throughout those early months when his nighttime necessities are highest, but his ability to convey them is lowest. Say he had a stuffy nose and could not breathe, yet could not easily awaken to communicate this need? Suppose he were hungry and required food, yet didn't easily awaken to cry? Suppose he was cold and didn't easily awaken to signal this need for warmth? If a baby had the equal predominance of deep sleep states as we do, his survival will be in peril. As the baby grows older, the percentage of light sleep slowly decreases as the percentage of deep sleep increases.

Some other interesting reason why babies have a huge percentage of light sleep is linked to their need for developmental stimulation. Prominent sleep researchers feel that during the state of light sleep, the higher brain centers keep on functioning, and this operation is essential for the brain to mature. When this theory was explained to a very tired mother of a frequent night waker, she exclaimed, "In that case my baby is going to be very, very smart!"

© 2011 Athena Goodlight


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Baby Feeding and Social Development



You may have a six-month-old baby nursing from the breast frequently and it can be an easy and enjoyable method of feeding him. Some may not look forward to starting solid foods, but your pediatrician may recommend that it is time. Here are some tips on how you can enjoy feeding him solids just as you've enjoyed him breastfeeding.

Breastfeeding is not just nutritional but also social and developmental interaction. Solid feeding could be as well. Regard solid food feeding as an add-on to, not a substitute for, breastfeeding. Get the most out of this new relationship. Besides using your fingertip and a spoon to begin solids, let your baby to feed himself. Place a little of mashed banana within grabbing distance on his table or high-chair tray. Take advantage of your baby's rapidly developing hand skills. Around six months babies swoop upon anything of interest placed in front of them. You'll discover your baby can soon pick up a morsel of food between his thumb and fingers and slowly bring it to his mouth. In the beginning phases of finding his mouth, the baby might have more misses than hits, resulting in much of the food being scattered all over his cheeks. Sharing the food with his face and shirt is part of feeding. Let your baby the undergo trial and error; in time practice makes perfect.

Letting your baby to feed himself capitalizes on some research on infant learning. A skill that's started by the baby has more learning value and attention-holding power than one initiated by the parent and simply took part in by the baby. Relish table talk. Talk to your baby when feeding. Talk about both the food and the process so that he learns to tie in the words with the type of food and the interactions soon to follow. Say such things as "Matthew want carrots . . . open mouth!" as you gently approach his mouth with the solid-laden spoon. Talking to your baby when feeding also helps you know if he's really interested in taking solids at a particular time. When his face lights up and his mouth opens when you talk, this gives you a clue that he is ready. Allow the baby to watch your mouth open; odds are he will mimic your facial motion.

Reading the feeding cues of your baby, promoting self-feeding, and advancing slowly all lead to a significant rule of baby feeding: producing a healthy feeding attitude. To a baby, eating isn't only a nutritional requisite but a developmental skill. The more a baby enjoys an experience, the more efficiently he advances in that skill. Infant feeding not just provides fun and nutrition for the baby; it also helps parents watch and enjoy their baby's rapidly developing hand skills. Feeding is a social interaction, not just a nutritional necessity. Enjoy it!

© 2011 Athena Goodlight

Party Idea: A Chocolate Themed Party


Several chocolate festivals are celebrated by hundreds of thousands of chocolate lovers worldwide. These include Chocolate Lovers’ Festival, Salon Du Chocolat, Garfield Park Chocolate Show, Eurochocolate, Chocolate Rush, and Ghirardelli Square Chocolate Festival. They converge to these events to see and sample terrific creations from world-renowned chocolate makers and take delight in chocolate-inspired activities.

The pleasure and fun you will feel is doubled when you go to these festivals of gaiety in the fellowship of your chocolate loving patrons. Eating mountains of chocolates of various kinds and sizes will surely drive you crazy. You don’t necessarily need to spend a lot of cash to enjoy these festivals. You can stage a chocolate party of your own. You don’t even have to be an expert party planner to organize this. All you need is a bit of help and some sparks of ingenuity!

The Menu
A sit down, four-course meal is not necessary unless you insist. Hold it just like a common cook out Sunday. Serve pork chops, chicken, mashed potatoes, pasta, or anything you are at ease with! The magic happens when the meat pieces can be made special by adding some chocolate-inspired sauces such as the "mole," a Mexican, chili-chocolate recipe. Make it climactic with chocolate deserts of cakes, pastries and, of course a mound of chocolate assortments. Be sure to have loads of them since you will be needing them for games and other activities! You need not to buy expensive gourmet chocolates, just get the regular ones, or your favorite brands - unless your theme is about gourmet chocolates. You may also call for a pot-luck chocolate party to save you more money and get more participation from the guests.
If you prefer to serve fondue, then set up fondue pairs like fruits, marshmallows, and pretzels. Explore wines that would pair well with chocolates, too. And also don’t forget to serve an assortment of drinks that will help wash down your guests’ palates.

Plan The Setting
Bring out your nicest linens — even better if you have chocolate designed-linens. You can prepare two or three tables. One will be used for eating and the other to hold the chocolates and wines. You may also have a table to display the desserts that your choco-loving guests may wish to indulge in at anytime they want to during the party.

Adorn your party area by integrating chocolate brown hues in your design. Set the audio system and match the ambiance with nice and happy music. And finally, ensure that your programme is set up along with the stuff that you will need in games or activities.

flickr image by _e.t.

Chocolate Party Fun Ideas
Here are some ideas you can do at your chocolate party besides chocolate and wine tasting. You may select one or a few of them, which is possible that can easily be done without being forced to spend so a lot.
1. Who Can Eat The Most Chocolates?
2. Paint With Chocolate – using chocolates and fingers or hands to create art.
3. Chocolate Gallery - Set up an exhibit on the history of chocolates with pictures included and display them so everyone can see and learn at the same time.
4. Chocolate Poker – Substitute chips with chocolate pieces. The winning guest takes home whatever chocolates they won.
5. Baking Challenge – A baking contest on making the best chocolate cake or cookie.
6. Chocolate cooking demonstration – A great way to learn and share a novel chocolate recipe
Now, you don’t have to wait for a special event to organize a chocolate party! Just being a chocolate buff is a sufficient reason. But if you wish to make your Thanksgiving, birthday, reunion, anniversary or any gathering fancier allow the chocolate lover in you emerge and let your dearest family or friends experience a feast that was once only made for kings!
 Hand Over The Chocolate & No One Gets Hurt!: A Chocolate-Lover's CookbookSusan Brown Designs Dessert Themes - Chocolate Fountain - Mouse PadsWilton 2104-9008 Chocolate Pro 3-Tier Chocolate FountainWilton 2104-9008 Chocolate Pro 3-Tier Chocolate Fountain

Home Child Safety Tips for New Parents

Several measures can be taken to see to it that the diverse elements in your house are safe for children especially for babies and toddlers. For example, baby walkers may become dangerous items for babies and toddlers, as they can cause children to fall down stairs or bump their head on a sharp corner. Always make sure that safety gates are properly installed and that the cribs meet current safety standards. Gates that can be fastened to walls are ideal to be placed at the top landing area of stairs, while spring-loaded gates are best for the foot of stairs.

Next, check different parts of the cribs, such as the mattress, the frame, and the screws. When it comes to bathtub safety, remember these tips: A child may drown even in just an inch of water in less than a minute! Within a few seconds, hot water from a faucet can scald a person’s skin. In fact, a child’s skin can get burned in one-fourth of the time needed for an adult’s skin to get burned! Before bathing your baby in the bathtub water, rest the temperature using your elbow. When bathing for your baby, consistently start out and end the bathing process, with cool water. If you should leave the bathroom during your child’s bath time, take your child along with you. During the bath teach your child to keep seated in the bathtub the whole duration of the bath time to avoid the risk of slipping and bumping the head.
Safety 1st Essentials Child Proofing Kit- 46 Piece
While certain parts of the house can be dangerous to children, just remember that child safety products can help to ensure their safety. Be mindful of the items that your child puts in his or her mouth. Prevent your child from choking on and swallowing objects by keeping items that are small enough to fit in a child’s mouth out of reach especially for babies and toddlers. Objects that pose a threat to very young children when swallowed include tiny toy parts, chips, seeds, small candies and nuts, wrapping paper, popcorn, broken balloons, batteries, and hot dogs. To prevent your young child from choking on food, cut solid foods that are hard and round, into smaller strips. Instruct children to always chew their food slowly and remain sitting up during meals or snacks. As a parent, it is important to know very well the signs of choking and the steps needed to take when it happens.
KidCo 4 Lock Set
Aside from choking on small objects, be aware that the majority of homes can contain about 200-300 poisons. Teach children the danger symbols on bottles and containers, so they will understand the danger of touching or even consuming such products. Items such as household chemical cleaners; nail polish; perfume; cosmetics and some poisonous plants should be kept away from children’s reach, as they become toxic when consumed. Even party leftovers, certain medications, and holiday decorations can be toxic to children! Also remember the difference between “child-resistant” caps from “child-proof” versions. TotShield Stove Guard for Stoves with Control Knobs Located in the Front (Usually Gas Stoves)

© 2010 Athena Goodlight

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Single Parenting and Discipline Issues With Preschool Children

After a divorce, legal separation, or death of a spouse reality soon sets in that only one parent will have custody of the children. In many cases, these are experienced by parents of pre-school children.  How does a single parent cope with child discipline issues?

The custodial parent should continue household functions and implement family discipline. Depending on the previous family participation by the husband, a lot of mothers find coping by themselves extremely difficult. After a divorce, family routines often become disorganized and discipline is slackened. At a time when organization and consistent discipline are needed, your capability to nurture the whole household decreases because you are straining to reorganize yourself. Try the following strategies to cope with this situation:

1. Children do not adjust easily to too many changes quickly. If changes (e.g., different house, school, city) are necessary, undertake these bit by bit and with preparation. Family life must go on and apparently some changes are required. As your children grow they will have to take on some added responsibility. This is a nonnegotiable fact of single-parent household life. Gather the children in a form of family council and make a list of the new responsibilities to be portioned out and let each child have a say in picking out his or her contribution. Squeezing in too many duties on your children at this vulnerable time may cause them to rebel and further resent the divorce (if this was the case). Organization in the household makes the children's general adjustment and your discipline much easier to handle.

3.  Single parents have to run a tight ship. Remember, discipline also entails emotional support. If you increase both your expectations of your children and your methods of expressing your love to them, they will most likely honor the changes in discipline.

4. Following a divorce or death, a single parent often moves back to the town of the grandparents. Grandparents can offer valuable support, both for the parent, who needs love and company, and for the children, who may need the love and care only a blood relative can provide. Your children may gravitate to the grandfather as a father figure, which is normally healthy behavior. Single-parent support groups and church fellowships may also provide you with social contacts and valuable support.

5. You cannot be both a mother and father to your children. This cliché is unrealistic. If you are a good mother, be a good mother; if you are a good father, continue to be a good father. A lot of single mothers are understandably concerned about providing male role models in their children's lives. Mothers are not expected to become baseball players and plumbers overnight. You can allow opportunities for your children to meet males who will act as role models at school, clubs, religious and sports events. Appreciate that a male role model is not a backup for a continued father-child relationship. The main goal in raising your child through a divorce is to uphold his sense of security within the broken family.

Most preschool children of divorce experience the following types of behaviors.

Because many preschool children do not express their feelings, they may show regressive behavior. This results from a sense of loss and insecurity, and may manifest in the form of thumb sucking, masturbation, mood swings, and sleep disturbances (caused by a fear of waking up and finding mommy gone too). Children may also regress in developmental advancement, such as toilet training. The preschool child may cleave to the custodial parent for fear of losing that parent, too. He may crave attention and not let you out of his sight. He may also feel that he is at fault for daddy's departure. The child's energy needs and behavioral changes put an added stress on you as a custodial parent at the same time that you are struggling with your own adjustment. If possible, delay any sudden modifications in your parent-child relationship, such as a return to work or school, for a couple of months. Your preschool child may be too young to realize your needs and may translate your departures as desertion. Try to accept his desire to sleep with you and accompany you wherever you go. Allow your child to be near you as often as possible.

Download free ebook: Effective Single Parenting

© 2011 Athena Goodlight

How to Shop for Baby’s Shoes


What factors should parents look for when buying a pair of shoes for the baby who has just started walking?

The feet of the babies and their style of walking are as unique as their faces and smiles. When the baby starts taking those first steps, it's time to shop for  baby shoes. There are four basic but important parts of a shoe you should consider:

The sole. As a general rule, the earlier the stage of walking, the thinner and more flexible shoe sole should be. Before buying a baby shoe, bend it by hand to check its flexibility. As you fit your baby's shoes, observe how your baby walks. The shoe should bend at the toes as the baby takes each step.
Robeez Soft Soles Kids' Braedon Crib Shoe,Navy,6-12 Months (2.5-4 M US Infant) 
The counter (back of the shoe). To ensure a good fit, the counter should be firm. Squeeze the counter between the thumb and index finger as proof. If it feels too soft, it will be easily be worn out with use, which causes the shoe to slip off.

Heel. With the first shoe for your baby, a small heel is advised to help avoid dangerous backward falls.
 Trumpette Baby Mocs - Chartreuse, 6-12 Months
Top and side of the shoe. These parts of the shoe should bend easily when the baby walks. If the top and side does not crease easily, it means the baby shoe is not flexible enough and the baby's foot could not bend in a natural manner while walking.

The choice of an experienced shoe salesman and a shoe store reputation important when caring for your baby's feet. When trying on shoes for yourself, it is easy to tell if shoes fit by the way they feel. But the baby cannot say whether a particular shoe feels good or not. Therefore, in the same way that you trust with your pediatrician to give advice throughout the stages of your baby's development, you should also be able to trust a shoe salesman for his advice on the footwear needs of your baby. A shoe salesperson should be someone who understands progression fitting. This means that he can properly match the changes in the baby's size and design of shoes with the progressive changes in the style of walking and growth of the foot.
Robeez Tredz Infant/Toddler Handsome Loafer,Espresso,4.5 M US Toddler
Parents often ask about the shoe height. Since the baby's heel is not yet well formed during the first two years, there isn't much to hold the shoe to the foot. This is the reason why some babies need to have higher shoes than others, depending on the growth of the heel. Many babies can manage to walk in a three-quarter boot type, which is not as high as the traditional high-ankle styles, giving more freedom of movement while staying on your baby's feet as well. A well-trained shoe salesman can advise you as to what height of the shoe is best for your baby.


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Is Your Baby Ready to Wear Shoes?

flickr photo by Sarah Essex Matthews
Foot specialists have varying opinions on when babies should wear their first pair of shoes. Some perceive that babies should learn to walk barefoot. After your baby has been attempting to walk for a couple of months, you may try giving him or her some shoes. Your baby's feet will continue to de­velop just as well without any type of footwear, but most parents find that shoes are required for the beginning walker. Baby shoes help protect your baby's tender feet from the rough surfaces, splinters, and sharp objects that lie on the path. Babies who are learning to walk looks ahead more often, not down, and these uncautious little feet are likely to bump into anything.
 Luvable Friends Boy's Slip-on Shoe for Baby, Navy, 0-6 Months
Some foot specialists feel that shoes help a baby walk better, others do not. The reason why shoes may help some babies walk better is that the flat, even soles of the shoes provide lateral stability for a young tenderfoot. Walking is a balancing act. Your baby balances on one foot while swing­ing the other foot ahead. Baby shoes worn on a baby's feet are like flippers on a scuba diver- they square off and widen the margins of the foot, providing a steady, stable surface for the balancing foot while the free foot forges ahead. The baby shoe insoles also provide a surface for your baby's toes to first grip and then push off of when taking a step. If the walking surface is soft and yielding, such as a thick, carpet or a sponge pad in a playpen, a barefoot baby's toes may sink in too much and make walking difficult. When your baby is beginning to take his or her first steps, you may try getting a first pair of shoes. If your baby walks better in them, then your baby is ready for shoes.
Converse First Star Crib Shoes/Soft Bottoms Infants 1 

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Advantages of Using Gas Barbeque Grills



The routine of Barbequing or Grilling has been around for a long time. Cavemen easily realized that food tasted great after it was cooked over an open fire. Barbequing has been a standard American custom for families. Not only does the food that goes with barbequing have a taste that is unrivaled by different cooking techniques, but it also affords a family a reason to get together outdoors. Nowadays, over 90% of families in the U.S. hold or attend barbeque about once a year. Almost 70% of all of the barbeques are done on a gas grill.

Gas grills operate using a spark igniting the gas inside the grill. Gas grills normally have a knob or button where in you push, that in turn activates a small hammer. The hammer collides with the top of an ignition crystal. Then the burner mixes the gas with oxygen and disperses it all over the cooking surface. This makes the gas grill among the easiest, and quickest grills to use.

Gas grills are suitable for virtually any kind of barbequing party since they come in all shapes and sizes. Smaller gas grills afford you the portability needed to plan barbeque parties away from home.  Bigger gas grills are handy and effective for cooking larger amounts of food rapidly, and without the mess of other kinds of grills.

There are numerous factors that you must take into account when you buy your first gas grill.

Weight
 Coleman 9949-750 Road Trip Grill LXE
The kind of grill you buy should actually depend on what you plan on using the grill for. When you envision barbeques at the beach, camping trips, or tailgate parties, you might want to consider availing a smaller gas grill. Smaller gas grills can range anywhere from 10 to 40 pounds. Portable gas containers are likewise available for these kinds of grills.

If your plans are more centralized on home cooking, then bigger grills would suit you very well.
 Char-Broil Quantum Infrared Urban Gas Grill with Folding Side Shelves
Cooking Surfaces

Gas grills, as opposed to other grill types, have the capacity to come with several types of cooking surfaces. These unique cooking surfaces include a BBQ surface, a ribbed grill and a flat grill. Some grills even provide these types of surfaces as none stick, which grant you to cook a whole range of foods that you might not be able to cook on a grill otherwise. You'll be able to cook your entire meal, including side dishes if you plan properly.

Some gas grills even bear a Wok type surface for cooking pasta and rice dishes, or a full rotisserie set which affords you to cook rotisserie chicken.
 Brinkmann® 4 Burner Heavy-Duty Gas Grill - Black

Surface Area

Similar to weight, you must consider the quantity of cooking surface area you'll need, based on the circumstances you'll be in. When you'll just be cooking for yourself or you and one other, a gas grill having a smaller surface area will be easier to clean. If you plan on throwing parties or cooking for a larger family, a gas grill with a larger surface area is the way to go.
 Char-Broil® 2 Burner Gas Grill - Black
This surface area might also include several types of cooking surfaces. Seek the type that suits you best, or is exchangeable.

Cost

Gas grills are normally on the higher end of the price scale, as they need more mechanical parts than other grills. You can look to spend anywhere from $50 for a smaller grill up to $400+ for a huge stationary grill.
 Char-Broil 4651330 Tabletop Grill
You also have to keep in mind that you must also buy the gas for your grill. Propane can be bought at your local grocery store, superstore, or from a dealer. Bottoms come in all sizes, having miniature versions for portable gas grills.
 Char-Griller 5050 Duo Gas-and-Charcoal Grill